Comparative study of the grain yield and morpho-physiological behavior of three varieties of hard-wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under saline stress

Abstract

This study examined the impact of salinity on the physiology and productivity of three durum wheat varieties (M.B.B., Waha, and Boussellam) under different salt concentrations (0 mmol, 4 mmol, and 8 mmol). A factorial design was applied in a pot experiment with soil capacity of approximately 7 kg. Key physiological and productivity parameters, such as leaf area, plant height, number of plants, and grain yield, were assessed. The results showed that the highest salinity level (8 mmol) had a significant negative effect on leaf area, plant height, number of plants, number of ears, and grains per ear. At a salinity of 4 mmol, canopy temperature, number of tillers, biomass, thousand grain weight (TGW), and overall yield were affected. Among the varieties tested, M.B.B. and Boussellam demonstrated greater tolerance to salinity compared to Waha. These findings highlight the differential response of durum wheat varieties to salinity stress, suggesting that M.B.B. and Boussellam may be more resilient options for saline environments.

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